"No matter how big a sinusoidal wave is, it should not capsize a boat. A breaking wave is a different story, these waves have a slope of 70 degrees and if higher than a boat is long, the boat cannot go over them. An extreme breaking wave hitting the boat's stern or bow may cause it to tumble over end on end (pitchpole or pitchpoling). If a breaking wave hits the boat on the beam, it can more easily broach or capsize the boat. Thus, one of the most important factors in surviving high waves is the length of the boat."
http://www.sailingusa.info/design_winds.htm
*Practical Nautical Forumulas
http://www.bootkeyharbor.com/Formulas.htm
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